Earlier this month, Google’s quantum computing scientists demonstrated a breakthrough that indicates quantum computing is for real — and will be able to find its place among other kinds of computers as a valuable resource. But much remains to be done.
Google’s latest quantum chip, which is called Willow and fabricated in the company’s Santa Barbara research facility, is a memory chip. It doesn’t actually process any functions; it simply stores a bit to be read. Doing anything with it will involve the long work of developing logical circuits to make use of the “qubits” that make up the chip.
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The fundamental breakthrough, as explained in Nature magazine (which published Google’s early-release research paper), is to show that the errors of qubits can be reduced below a level of noise called a threshold, and — as …